Four Groups of Subjects Were Randomly Selected, and Subjected to Different

question 18

Short Answer

Four groups of subjects were randomly selected, and subjected to different experimental treatments. Their scores were: $$\begin{array} { c c c c } \text { Group 1 } & \text { Group 2 } & \text { Group 3 } & \text { Group 4 } \\5 & 7 & 8 & 15 \\4 & 5 & 7 & 14 \\3 & 6 & 6 & 18 \\6 & 8 & 8 & 12\end{array}$$
a. Calculate the F ratio
b. Should Ho be rejected ? If rejected, state the probability of alpha error.

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Definitions:

Metacognition

The awareness and understanding of one’s own thought processes, often referred to as "thinking about thinking."

Formal Operations

The stage of cognitive development, according to Piaget, starting around age 12, where individuals develop the ability to think abstractly, logically, and systematically.

Moral Development

A process that continues throughout a person's life, concerning the formation and understanding of what is right and wrong, and the application of this understanding to real-life situations.

Kohlberg's Theory

A theory of moral development proposed by Lawrence Kohlberg, suggesting that individuals progress through a series of stages in understanding right from wrong.