Assume That Without Any Taxes the Consumption Schedule for an Economy

question 7

Essay

Assume that without any taxes the consumption schedule for an economy is as shown in the table.Also assume that investment, net exports, and government expenditures do not change with changes in real GDP. (a) What are the MPC, MPS, and the size of the multiplier?
(b) Assume a lump-sum tax of $10 billion is imposed at all levels of GDP.Determine consumption and the tax rate at each level of GDP by completing the following table.Is tax regressive, proportional, or progressive? Compare the multiplier under the lump-sum tax with the pre-tax multiplier. (c) Assume instead that a proportional tax of 10% is imposed at all levels of GDP.Determine consumption at each level of GDP by completing the following table.Compare the multiplier under the proportional tax with the multiplier under the lump-sum tax.Explain why a proportional or progressive tax system contributes to greater economic stability as compared with the lump-sum tax.

Distinguish between reflexes, instincts, and learned behaviors.

Understand the ethical considerations and criticisms in the study of behavior.

Understand the basic principles of operant conditioning and its application.

Differentiate between various types of learning, including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, observational learning, and imitation.

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Definitions:

Federal System of Government

A form of governance where power is divided between a central (federal) government and individual state or provincial governments.

Charter of Rights and Freedoms

A foundational document in Canada that guarantees fundamental rights and freedoms to its citizens and residents.

Paramountcy

The principle that when a matter is addressed by both valid federal and provincial legislation and there is a conflict, the federal legislation takes precedence.

Supreme Court of Canada

The highest court in Canada, serving as the final appellate body in the Canadian legal system.