The figure below shows a simplified version of the current Canadian federal income- tax system. The marginal income- tax rates for the four ranges of income are 15 percent, 22 percent, 26 percent, and 29 percent, respectively. 
FIGURE 18- 2
-Refer to Figure 18- 2. This income- tax system can be characterized as
Definitions:
Expected Value
The predicted value of a variable, calculated as a sum of all possible values each multiplied by the probability of its occurrence.
Insurance Policy
A contractual agreement between an individual or entity and an insurance company, outlining the terms for the insurer to compensate the insured for specific losses in exchange for premiums paid.
Premium
An amount paid in addition to a standard price, often for insurance, or a higher or more privileged level of service or product.
Expected Value
A calculated average of all possible outcomes of a particular random variable, weighted by their respective probabilities.
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