________ Costs Arise When a Defect Is Discovered After the Customer

question 163

Short Answer

________ costs arise when a defect is discovered after the customer has received the product or service.

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Definitions:

Valence

The value an individual places on the expected outcome of an action or behavior, which can influence their motivation.

Instrumentality

In the context of motivation theory, the belief that a certain behavior will lead to achieving a desired outcome or reward.

Positive Instrumentalities

The belief that if one performs well, this will lead to valued outcomes or rewards.

Performance-contingent Basis

A system or approach where rewards, such as bonuses or promotions, are given based on the achievement of specific performance targets or outcomes.