Premeasurement Is a Threat to Internal Validity That Is Related

question 3

Multiple Choice

Premeasurement is a threat to internal validity that is related to problems associated with ________.

• A)a pretest survey
• B)variation in data collection procedures
• C)the sample
• D)the study context
• E)the researcher

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Definitions:

Voluntary

Actions or decisions made by free choice, without external coercion.

Cardiac

Relating to the heart and its functions in health and disease.

Osteoarthritis

A degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown and eventual loss of joint cartilage.

Muscle Fitness

A state of health and physical well-being in muscles characterized by strength, endurance, and flexibility.