When a Reciprocal Translocation Occurs, Part of One Chromosome Is

question 47

Essay

When a reciprocal translocation occurs, part of one chromosome is exchanged with a part of another chromosome.For example, one-half of Chromosome 3 may now be found fused to Chromosome 10, and part of Chromosome 10 is now found fused to Chromosome 3.In a balanced reciprocal translocation, an even exchange of material occurs such that no genetic information is extra or missing.Individuals can carry balanced reciprocal translocations and be quite healthy.Consider the case where a gamete containing a balanced reciprocal translocation of a single chromosome is used to fertilize a genetically normal egg.Explain why individuals carrying a single balanced reciprocal translocation might have problems with chromosome segregation during meiosis but not in mitosis.

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Definitions:

Receptor

(1) In cell biology, a molecule on the surface of a

Clathrin

A protein that plays a critical role in the formation of coated vesicles, involved in the transport of molecules within cells.

Amphipathic

Refers to molecules having both hydrophobic (water-repelling) and hydrophilic (water-attracting) parts, enabling interactions with both water and lipids.

Cholesterol

A type of lipid found in the blood that is essential for building cells but can lead to heart disease if levels are too high.