Read the Following Scenario and Answer the Question Below

question 37

Multiple Choice

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
Thousands of young families moved ʺover the hillsʺ and into the San Fernando Valley, a suburb of Los Angeles, after World War II. New neighborhoods were springing up, replacing orange groves and open space; roads and schools quickly sprang into existence, trying to keep pace with the rapid population growth. Ringed by beautiful mountains, the entire Los Angeles basin looked like a new, green, sun-filled paradise to the families seeking a fresh start. In the early 1950s, one of the common family chores in Los Angeles was to carry the trash out to the stone incinerator behind the garage where each family burned all of their dry trash. ʺWetʺ garbage was collected and taken to a city dump, where it was burned by the city. Everyone throughout the city either used an incinerator or burned things in an open trash pile; there were over 400,000 backyard trash incinerators. On warm afternoons, eyes would sometimes sting and burn. People would stop, close their eyes, and let the cleansing tears refresh irritated eyes. They accepted this as a normal part of life in sunny California.
-The Los Angeles smog problem is made much worse by _________________

• A) the convection cells, which bring pollutants from other cities
• B) the foggy climate, which leads to acidic deposition
• C) the onshore breezes, which prevent pollution from dispersing
• D) nearby mountains and the warm sunshine, which cause inversion layers
• E) the high cloud levels, which deplete the local ozone layer

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Definitions:

Second CS

In classical conditioning, a new neutral stimulus that becomes associated with the conditioned stimulus, leading to a conditioned response.

Generalization

The process by which a response is given not only to the original stimulus but also to other similar stimuli, a fundamental concept in learning theory.

Blue Jacket

Originally, a term used to refer to a sailor in the navy, recognized by their distinctive blue uniforms.

Stimulus Generalization

The tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to the original conditioned stimulus.