Aryana's Manager, Albert, Told Her Not to Share an E-Mail

question 9

Multiple Choice

Aryana's manager, Albert, told her not to share an e-mail with anyone because of its proprietary information, but another manager, Nicholas, asked her to forward it to him, saying that Albert approved. Without asking for a written request, Aryana forwarded the e-mail to Nicholas. When Albert found out, he said Aryana was guilty of being insubordinate, refusing to believe her story. What was the disadvantage of the oral communication between Aryana and Nicholas?

• A) Oral communication can lead to spontaneous emotional outbursts.
• B) The receiver of oral communication cannot sense the sender's sincerity.
• C) Oral communication allows no scope for a permanent record of the message.
• D) The receiver of oral communication has too much time to think about the message.
• E) Oral communication provides no scope for direct and immediate feedback.

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Definitions:

Workplace Violence

Any act or threat of physical violence, harassment, intimidation, or other threatening disruptive behavior that occurs at the work site.

Interactional Justice

Refers to the perceived fairness of the interpersonal treatment individuals receive from decision-makers, including respect and propriety in communication.

Benchmarking

The practice of comparing business processes and performance metrics to industry bests and best practices from other companies.

Outcome Fairness

The perception among employees that the outcomes they receive from the workplace are fair, equitable, and just, relating to decisions about rewards, promotions, or layoffs.