Which Approaches Should an Organization Adopt for Managing Uncertainty in a Complex

question 74

Multiple Choice

Which approaches should an organization adopt for managing uncertainty in a complex and dynamic environment?

• A) centralized and bureaucratic approach, with standardized work processes
• B) decentralized and bureaucratic approach, with standardized skills
• C) decentralized and organic approach, with mutual adjustment
• D) centralized and organic approach, with direct supervision
• E) centralized and organic approach, with mutual adjustment

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Definitions:

Cognitive Theories

Theories in psychology that emphasize mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving as the key to understanding behavior.

Measurable Behaviors

Observable and quantifiable actions or responses that can be empirically assessed or evaluated.

Unconscious Conflicts

Internal struggles, often stemming from childhood, that are not within an individual's conscious awareness but influence emotions and behavior, a concept rooted in psychoanalytic theory.

Extinction

In psychology, the gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response, typically when the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus.