What Happens During Countercurrent Exchange

question 89

Multiple Choice

What happens during countercurrent exchange?

• A)Steep concentration gradients are created.
• B)There is a transfer of heat or solute from fluids flowing in opposite directions.
• C)There is a transfer of heat or solute from fluids flowing in the same direction.
• D)Plasma is removed from blood, leaving only the solid red blood cells.
• E)Active transport moves solutes across a membrane via transport proteins.

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Definitions:

Normal Distribution

A bell-shaped frequency distribution curve that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence.

Goodness-of-fit Test

A statistical test used to determine if a set of observed frequencies differs significantly from the expected frequencies.

Test Statistic

A value calculated from sample data during a hypothesis test, used to make a decision about the null hypothesis.

Z

In statistics, 'Z' often refers to a Z-score, which measures the number of standard deviations a data point is from the mean.