The Pennsylvania Amish Have a Very High Frequency of an Unusual

question 49

Multiple Choice

The Pennsylvania Amish have a very high frequency of an unusual allele that results in short arms and legs and extra fingers. This high frequency is thought to be the result of:

• A)the founder effect.
• B)nonrandom mutations.
• C)a population bottleneck.
• D)coevolution.
• E)the addition of new members to an already established population.

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Definitions:

MSC (Marginal Social Cost)

The total cost to society of producing an additional unit of a good or service, including both the private costs and any external costs.

Efficient Level

Refers to the point at which a system, process, or economy operates at maximum productivity with minimal waste and expense.

External Costs

Costs that are not borne by the producer or consumer of a good or service, but by society as a whole, such as pollution.

Negative Externality

A cost that affects someone who did not choose to incur that cost or participate in the action causing it, often seen in pollution where the public pays the price for private industry actions.