Evaluate Where F(x, Y, Z) = 2 I - $\sigma$

question 31

Essay

Evaluate where F(x, y, z) = 2 i - z j + y k and $\sigma$ is that portion of the paraboloid x = y² + z² between x = 0 and x = 4. The surface is oriented by forward unit normals.

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Definitions:

Broad Sense Heritability

The proportion of the total phenotypic variance of a trait that is attributable to genetic variance, where genetic variance is represented in its entirety as a single value (that is, genetic variance is not broken down into different components).

Narrow Sense Heritability

Narrow sense heritability is a measure of the proportion of phenotypic variance in a trait that can be attributed to additive genetic variance among individuals in a population.

Additive Effects

The cumulative impact of individual genes on a phenotype, where the total effect is the sum of the effects of each gene.

Dominance Effects

Phenomena where the phenotype of the heterozygote is closer to that of one of the homozygotes due to the dominant influence of one allele over another.