Essay
Express 
as a parametric equation.
Identify the roles of second messengers like cAMP, calcium ions, nitric oxide, IPS1U1B13S1U1B0, and DAG in cellular signaling processes.
Describe the roles and regulation of key enzymes and proteins in signaling pathways, including phosphodiesterase, protein kinases, and glycogen synthase.
Recognize the effects of signaling molecules like epinephrine on cellular processes such as glycogen breakdown.
Explain how the drug sildenafil (Viagra) affects cellular signaling pathways involved in smooth muscle relaxation.
Definitions:
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