What Are the Two Possible Explanations for Not Seeing Something

question 78

Multiple Choice

What are the two possible explanations for not seeing something glowing brightly along every line- of- sight? I) The universe is infinite in size and infinitely old, but dust absorbs starlight from far away stars.
II) The universe has a finite number of stars.
III) The universe is changing in some way as to prevent us from seeing an infinite number of stars.

• A)I and II
• B)II and III
• C)I and III

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Definitions:

Reinforcement

In behaviorism, a stimulus or event that follows a behavior and increases the likelihood of that behavior's recurrence.

Variable-ratio

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses, making it highly resistant to extinction.

Reinforcement

An operational technique used in behavior analysis to increase the frequency of a desired behavior by introducing a motivating item after the behavior is exhibited.

DRH Schedule

Differential Reinforcement of High Rates of behavior schedule; a reinforcement schedule in which a higher rate of a specific behavior is reinforced, encouraging the behavior to occur more frequently.