You Are Reviewing for Your Nursing School Entry Exam with Your

question 81

Multiple Choice

You are reviewing for your nursing school entry exam with your study group. Each person in the group agrees to cover one disease. You select toxoplasmosis for your presentation. Toxoplasmosis can be a serious problem for those who are immunosuppressed, as well as for fetuses. Even in healthy people, the immune system may not clear the organism, resulting in a latent infection that can reactivate when immunity declines.
-Please identify the correct sequence of events in the pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis.
1)  Each cyst contains large numbers of bradyzoites, a smaller form of T. gondii which persists in a latent infection.
2)  As host immunity develops, a tough, fibrous capsule forms around infected host cells, forming a tissue cyst.
3) Within the small intestinal cells, sporozoites develop rapidly into tachyzoites which spread systemically.
4)  T. gondii enters the host when either mature oocysts containing two sporocysts are eaten.
5) Sporozoites emerge from each of the sporocysts, and invade the cells of the small intestine.

• A) 4, 5, 3, 2, 1
• B) 1, 2, 4, 3, 5
• C) 3, 2, 1, 4, 5
• D) 2, 4, 5, 1, 3
• E) 1, 5, 4, 2, 3

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Definitions:

Detritivore

An organism that feeds on dead organic matter, largely contributing to decomposition and nutrient recycling in ecosystems.

Earthworm

Earthworms are tube-shaped, segmented worms found in soil that play a crucial role in aerating soil and breaking down dead organic matter.

Decomposer

An organism, usually a bacterium or fungus, that breaks down dead cells and materials, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.

Producer

Organisms, typically plants, that produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis, serving as a primary source of energy in a food chain.