Every Morning at the Bus Stop, Carlos Encounters an Old

question 4

Multiple Choice

Every morning at the bus stop, Carlos encounters an old woman begging for change. She is clearly hungry and alone. Because Carlos feels very bad for this woman and can "feel her pain," he makes a point of giving her some change each morning that he sees her. Which theoretical approach best explains Carlos's behavior?

• A) social-exchange theory
• B) kin selection
• C) the empathy-altruism hypothesis
• D) the norm of reciprocity

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Definitions:

Gross Margin

The difference between sales revenue and the cost of goods sold, divided by revenue, expressed as a percentage.

Variable Cost

Expenses that fluctuate in direct proportion to changes in output or activity level, including costs like supplies and commission fees.

Cost of Goods Sold

The direct costs attributable to the production of the goods sold by a company, including the cost of the materials and labor used in production.

Opportunity Cost

The expense incurred by not choosing the second-best option available during decision-making.