Even Though the Authors Point to a Number of Situational

question 145

Multiple Choice

Even though the authors point to a number of situational variables that contributed to the destructive obedience of Stanley Milgram's participants (e.g., normative and informational conformity pressures, conflicting norms) , it might still be argued that people have, lurking deep within them, sadistic tendencies that can easily be elicited by situational variables. What experimental findings by Milgram call this "personal attribution" into question?

• A) When participants could choose the level of shock, they administered very low levels.
• B) Violent prisoners administered lower shocks than non-prisoner participants.
• C) There are cultural differences in the amount of shock participants administer.
• D) When the learner was introduced as a minister, participants gave lower shocks.

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Definitions:

Sleep Pattern

The natural or habitual timing, quality, and quantity of sleep in an individual or across populations.

Myoclonic Jerks

Involuntary, quick muscle spasms often occurring as people are falling asleep.

Theta Waves

Brainwave patterns associated with states of drowsiness, light sleep, or deep meditation, typically in the frequency range of 4-8 Hz.

Delta Waves

Low-frequency brain waves that are present during deep sleep and are associated with restorative sleep functions.