If an American and a Chinese Person Are Both Given

question 135

Multiple Choice

If an American and a Chinese person are both given feedback that they have done poorly at a task, who would be more likely to blame him- or herself for the failure?

• A) The American, because of belief in a just world
• B) The American, because honesty is an essential cultural value
• C) The Chinese person, because false modesty is encouraged
• D) The Chinese person, because self-criticism is an important "glue" in the culture

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Definitions:

Type II Error

A Type II Error occurs when a statistical test fails to reject a false null hypothesis, falsely indicating no effect or difference when one exists.

Level of Significance

The probability threshold below which the null hypothesis is rejected in hypothesis testing.

Probability

A mathematical measurement of the likelihood of an event occurring, expressed as a number between 0 and 1.

Level of Significance

The criterion used for rejecting the null hypothesis; often denoted by alpha.