Internal Validity Is to __________ as External Validity Is to __________

question 148

Multiple Choice

Internal validity is to __________ as external validity is to __________.

• A) causality; generalizability
• B) control; random assignment
• C) generalizability; control
• D) causality; minimizing differences

Comprehend the concept of insider trading, its legal implications, and the associated roles of individuals.

Understand the various exemptions and defenses available under securities law.

Distinguish between different types of investors and their qualifications under securities regulations.

Appreciate the significance of cautionary statements in securities litigation and the protection they offer to issuers.

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Definitions:

Avoid Paying Dividends

Strategies employed by companies to retain earnings instead of distributing them to shareholders as dividends, often to reinvest in the business or improve balance sheet health.

Poison Pills

A defensive strategy used by companies to prevent or discourage unwanted takeover bids by making the company less attractive to the potential acquirer.

White Knights

Friendly investors or companies that rescue a target company from a hostile takeover by purchasing a significant stake in the company.

Repurchasing Stock

The process whereby a corporation repurchases its own shares from the market, thereby decreasing the total number of shares available.