When He Was an Infant, Chang Participated in a Research

question 150

Multiple Choice

When he was an infant, Chang participated in a research study during which the researcher restrained his arms for two minutes. Which emotion did Chang likely experience?

• A) sadness
• B) fear
• C) anger
• D) shame

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Definitions:

Bystander-Calculus Model

A theoretical model explaining the decision-making process individuals go through in deciding whether to intervene in an emergency situation, weighing personal costs and benefits.

Crucial Stage

A critical or pivotal phase in a process or series of events where important decisions or developments significantly impact outcomes.

Consequences of Action

The outcomes or results that directly follow from one's actions or decisions, whether intentional or unintended.

Prosocial Behaviour

Voluntary actions intended to help or benefit another individual or group of individuals without expectation of reward.