Alternatives 1 and 2 in the Following Payoff Table Represent

question 80

Multiple Choice

Alternatives 1 and 2 in the following payoff table represent the two possible manufacturing strategies that the EKA manufacturing company can adopt. The level of demand affects the success of both strategies. The states of nature (S_I) represent the levels of demand for the company products. S₁, S₂, and S₃ characterize high, medium, and low demand, with probabilities of .3, .6, and .1, respectively. The payoff values are in thousands of dollars. The management believes that the weather conditions significantly affect the level of demand. 48 monthly sales reports are randomly selected. These monthly sales reports show 15 months with high demand, 28 months with medium demand, and 5 months with low demand. 12 of the 15 months with high demand had favorable weather conditions. 14 of the 28 months with medium demand had favorable weather conditions. Only 1 of the 5 months with low demand had favorable weather conditions. What is the maximum amount that the company would be willing to pay for perfect information?

• A) $95,000
• B) $112,000
• C) $7,000
• D) $24,000
• E) $17,000

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Definitions:

Least-Squares Regression

A statistical method used to determine a line of best fit by minimizing the sum of the squares of the differences between observed values and those predicted by the model.

Inspection Cost

Expenses associated with the activities necessary to ensure that products or services meet the required standards and specifications.

Contribution Format

A format for the income statement that divides variable costs from fixed costs to emphasize the contribution margin.

Fixed Expenses

Costs that do not vary with the level of output or sales, such as rent and salaries.