Hopkins and Conard Found That When Teachers Made a Few

question 13

Multiple Choice

Hopkins and Conard found that when teachers made a few simple changes in how they taught, changes that included a shift from reprimands and threats to praise and positive feedback, students advanced at ______ the normal rate in reading.

• A) half
• B) one and a half times
• C) more than twice
• D) three times

---

Definitions:

Variance

A measure of the dispersion of a set of values, calculated as the average of the squared differences from the mean.

Standard Deviation

Standard deviation is a statistical measure of the dispersion or variability of a set of data points around their mean, indicating how spread out the data points are.

Mean

A measure of central tendency that is calculated by dividing the summation of all values in a data set by the number of values.

Laws Of Variance

Principles that describe how variance behaves in different statistical distributions and under various transformations.