Married Versus Unmarried Couples Differ in Terms of Their Well-Being

question 20

Multiple Choice

Married versus unmarried couples differ in terms of their well-being.Although it could be that being married provides benefits that lead to increases in well-being,it is also possible that this is a "selection effect." A selection effect occurs when

• A) groups of people differ not because of something special about their group but because they have chosen the group.
• B) researchers do not randomly select the groups of people they are comparing,which results in group differences.
• C) couples selected mates based on compatible personalities and "love" versus arranged marriages.
• D) couples in one group are more satisfied because they are part of a select group of high-functioning couples.

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Definitions:

Working Backward

A problem-solving strategy where the solver starts from the desired goal and works in reverse order to reach the initial problem state.

Elimination-by-aspects

A decision-making model where choices are sequentially filtered based on specific criteria until one option remains.

Compensatory Decision-making

A decision-making process where individuals make choices by weighing the pros and cons of different options to compensate for weaker attributes by stronger ones.

Functional Fixedness

A cognitive bias that limits a person to use an object only in the way it is traditionally used, ignoring other possible uses.