Laila,an Egyptian Broker,is Currently Trying to Maximize Her Profit in the Bond

question 68

Essay

Laila,an Egyptian broker,is currently trying to maximize her profit in the bond market.Four bonds are available for purchase and sale at the bid and ask prices shown in the table below: Laila can buy up to 1000 units of each bond at the ask price or sell up to 1000 units of each bond at the bid price.During each of the next 3 years,the person who sells a bond will pay the owner of the bond the cash payments shown in the table below: Laila's goal is to maximize her revenue from selling bonds less her payment for buying bonds,subject to the constraint that after each year's payments are received,her current cash position (due only to cash payments from bonds and not purchases or sales of bonds)is nonnegative.Note that her current cash position can depend on past coupons and that cash accumulated at the end of each year earns 13% annual interest.Determine how to maximize net profit from buying and selling bonds,subject to the constraints previously described.Why do you think we limit the number of units of each bond that can be bought or sold?

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Definitions:

Physical Inventory

The process of counting and verifying all physical goods and materials in stock by a business.

Shipping Costs

The expenses involved in transporting goods from one location to another, including freight charges, packaging, and handling fees.

Diseconomies of Scale

An economic concept where an increase in production leads to a rise in average costs per unit due to inefficiencies.

Economies of Scale

Cost advantages that a business can achieve by increasing the scale of production, leading to lower average costs per unit due to spread fixed costs and operational efficiencies.