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Sampling error is evident when
Aluminum Concentrations
The amount of aluminum present in a substance, often measured in terms of mass per unit volume or mass per unit weight.
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test
This statistical method, which is non-parametric, is employed to assess differences in the population mean ranks by comparing either two related or matched samples, or analyzing repeated measurements on one sample.
Null Hypothesis
A statistical hypothesis that assumes no significant difference or effect, serving as the default assumption in hypothesis testing until evidence suggests otherwise.
Normal Approximation
A statistical method that uses the normal distribution to approximate the distribution of sample data or a statistic.
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