Which of the Following Errors Occurs If a Rater Is

question 39

Multiple Choice

Which of the following errors occurs if a rater is unusually easy?

• A)central tendency
• B)leniency
• C)severity
• D)halo

Identify the effects of encoding specificity on memory retrieval.

Recognize the primacy and recency effects in list memorization.

Apply strategies to enhance memory, including study environment consistency and spaced repetition.

Understand mnemonic devices and their role in improving memory.

---

Definitions:

Stable Characteristics

Traits or attributes of an individual that are consistent over time and across situations.

Internal Characteristics

Traits, qualities, or features that originate from within an individual, shaping their behavior and personality.

Kelley's Covariation

A theory proposed by Harold Kelley that suggests an individual determines the cause of an event by considering whether the observed behavior covaries or changes across time, place, or actors.

Attribution Theory

A psychological theory focused on how individuals interpret and understand their own and others' behaviors and actions by attributing them to internal or external causes.