A 9-Year-Old Child Has Suffered Severe Lacerations and Blood Loss

question 28

Multiple Choice

A 9-year-old child has suffered severe lacerations and blood loss in an automobile accident. What is the most likely cause of increased vasopressin secretion in this child?

• A) Secretion is stimulated when the plasma volume decreases.
• B) Vasopressin decreases fluid loss by inhibiting aquaporin-2 (AQP2) water channel activity.
• C) Secretion increases as plasma osmolality decreases.
• D) Decreased K⁺ transport by increasing protein kinase A (PKA) activity in kidney cells.
• E) Secretion is increased when blood pressure increases.

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Definitions:

F Statistic

The F statistic is used in statistical testing to compare the variances among group means to decide if they significantly differ from each other.

Two-Way ANOVA

A statistical test used to determine the effect of two nominal predictor variables on a continuous outcome variable.

Interaction

A statistical term describing a situation in which the effect of one explanatory variable on the response variable depends on the level of another explanatory variable.

Main Effects

In statistics and experimental design, the direct impact of an independent variable on a dependent variable, disregarding interactions with other variables.