Some Tumor Cells Have a Large Number of Cl^- Channels

question 14

Multiple Choice

Some tumor cells have a large number of Cl^- channels on the plasma membrane. This makes the Cl^- permeability higher than that of any other ion and therefore:

• A) Causes the cell to swell when suspended in isotonic NaCl
• B) Causes the cell to shrink when suspended in isotonic NaCl
• C) Increases the steady state intracellular osmolality
• D) Decreases the steady state intracellular osmolality
• E) Causes the membrane potential to be near the equilibrium potential for Cl^-

Differentiate between algorithms and heuristics and their roles in problem-solving.

Identify the characteristics and strategies of good problem solvers.

Recognize the role of evaluation in the problem-solving process.

Understand various biases (confirmation, availability, representativeness, hindsight) in decision-making and problem-solving.

---

Definitions:

Operant Model

A behavioral model focusing on the modification of observable behaviors through reinforcement and punishment.

Immediate Consequences

The direct and instant outcomes or results that follow a specific behavior or action.

Reactive Effects

Changes in behavior that occur as a result of being observed or knowing that one is being studied, often considered in psychological and social research.

Talk-Outs

Interventions or strategies in which individuals vocalize thoughts, feelings, or conflicts as a means to resolve issues or reduce emotional distress.