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Give the definition of "externality" and indicate why externalities can result in a failure to achieve equality between social marginal cost and social marginal benefit. Demonstrate your answer graphically with a negative externality.
Clinical Trials
Research studies performed in people that are aimed at evaluating a medical, surgical, or behavioral intervention.
Risk Factor Approach
A method focusing on identifying and mitigating elements that increase the likelihood of developing diseases or injuries.
Community Trials
Studies that test the effectiveness of interventions on large groups or communities rather than individual participants to determine community-wide effects.
Researcher Bias
A form of bias that occurs when the preferences, beliefs, or prejudices of a researcher influence the conduct of research or interpretation of its results.
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