Both the Slope of the Demand Curve and the Elasticity

question 18

Essay

Both the slope of the demand curve and the elasticity of demand are measures of how consumers alter their quantities demanded in response to changes in price. How are the two concepts different from each other? Given a negatively sloped straight-line demand curve, how will slope and elasticity differ? Given a vertical or horizontal demand curve, how will they differ?

Differentiate between ancestral and derived traits within a phylogeny.

Apply the principle of parsimony in selecting the best phylogenetic hypothesis.

Recognize homologous features and their relevance in studying evolution.

Understand the significance of the common ancestor in phylogenetic trees.

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Definitions:

Backward Conditioning

A less common form of classical conditioning where the unconditioned stimulus is presented before the conditioned stimulus.

Learned Response

A behavior that has been acquired or modified as a result of experience or conditioning.

Extinction

In psychology, the gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response tendency; in biology, the dying out of a species.

Commission

An instruction, command, or duty given to a person or group of people.