A Patient with a Chief Complaint of Palpitations Reports Excessive

question 43

Multiple Choice

A patient with a chief complaint of palpitations reports excessive alcohol intake over the past 10 years.Which of the following is most useful in understanding the possible relationship between his substance abuse and his symptoms?

• A) Prolonged use of alcohol can lead to neurological damage.
• B) Increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is associated with daily intake of 2 oz of alcohol.
• C) Prolonged use of alcohol can interfere with normal pump function and electrical activity of the heart.
• D) Liver disease is a common finding in patients with a history of alcohol abuse.

Understand the role of different ions and molecules in the kidney's function.

Explain the effect of various hormones on water and salt balance.

Describe the adaptations of the kidney to regulate blood pressure and volume.

Understand the pathological conditions related to improper kidney function.

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Definitions:

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

A group of rare diseases in which abnormal trophoblast cells grow inside the uterus after conception.

Polyhydramnios

An excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid during pregnancy, which can lead to complications for both the mother and fetus.

Fetal Renal Malformations

Abnormalities in the development of the kidneys or urinary tract of a fetus, which can affect kidney function.

Preterm Delivery

The birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks' gestational age, which may pose health risks to the newborn.