“There Can Be No Doubt That New York's State Prayer

question 14

Multiple Choice

“There can be no doubt that New York's state prayer program officially establishes the religious beliefs embodied in the Regents' prayer. The respondents' argument to the contrary, which is largely based upon the contention that the Regents' prayer is "nondenominational" and the fact that the program, as modified and approved by state courts, does not require all pupils to recite the prayer, but permits those who wish to do so to remain silent or be excused from the room, ignores the essential nature of the program's constitutional defects. Neither the fact that the prayer may be denominationally neutral nor the fact that its observance on the part of the students is voluntary can serve to free it from the limitations of the Establishment Clause…”
--Justice Hugo Black, Engel v. Vitale, 1962
-Which test examines the constitutionality of laws like the one challenged in Engel v.Vitale?

• A)Orange
• B)Lemon
• C)Free Exercise -Consider This: The free exercise clause protects individual rights to practice a religion or non-religion of their choosing,it fails to provide a test to determine when individual rights are infringed upon.
• D)Prior Restraint

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Definitions:

Total Common Equity

The sum of a company's shareholders' equity, excluding preferred shares, represented by common stock, retained earnings, and other accumulated comprehensive income.

Cash Flow Per Share

A financial metric that represents the amount of cash generated by a company, per share, over a specific period.

Depreciation

The systematic allocation of the cost of a tangible asset over its useful life.

Ratio Analysis

A quantitative method of gaining insight into a company's liquidity, operational efficiency, and profitability by comparing financial statement items.