The Fluctuation Time for the Brightnesses of Quasars Can Be

question 21

Multiple Choice

The fluctuation time for the brightnesses of quasars can be as short as a

• A) few seconds.
• B) month.
• C) day.
• D) year.

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Definitions:

Higher-order Conditioning

A learning process in which a conditioned stimulus is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus.

Secondary Reinforcers

Stimuli that have become reinforcing through association with primary reinforcers; they do not satisfy biological needs but often hold value, such as money or praise.

Concepts

General ideas or understandings that can be used to group together objects, events, qualities, or abstractions that are similar in some way.

Visualized

The process of forming mental visual images of objects, scenarios, or outcomes.