Observers in the Nineteenth Century Reported Seeing Many Straight-Line Features

question 60

Multiple Choice

Observers in the nineteenth century reported seeing many straight-line features crisscrossing the surface of Mars and interpreted them to be canals constructed by intelligent beings. What is the MOST likely present-day explanation for these observations?

• A) The lines were rifts in the Martian surface at the boundaries of geological tectonic plates.
• B) The lines were linear, stationary cloud formations (mountain lee wave clouds) and weather fronts moving around with the planet.
• C) The lines were optical illusions caused by vague shadings on the planet's surface.
• D) The lines were groups of dark volcanoes similar to those of the Hawaiian Islands on Earth.

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Definitions:

Effect Sizes

Statistical measures that quantify the strength of a phenomenon or the magnitude of differences or relationships within research findings.

Motivational Interviewing

Motivational interviewing is a counseling method that helps people find the internal motivation they need to change their behavior. It is a patient-centered approach that elicits behavioral changes by assisting individuals to explore and resolve ambivalence.

CBT Coping Skills Training

A cognitive-behavioral therapy technique focused on teaching individuals skills to better manage stressful situations and emotional challenges.

Long-term Follow-up

Continuous monitoring and assessment of an individual's progress or condition over an extended period after the completion of a treatment or study.