The Accompanying Table Lists Several Genotypes Associated with the Lac $\beta$

question 40

Essay

The accompanying table lists several genotypes associated with the lac operon in E. coli. For each, indicate with a "+" or a "-" whether β-galactosidase would be expected to be produced at induced levels. Genotype                         $\beta$ -galactosidase production
                                        No Lactose         With Lactose
(a) $\quad I + O + Z + / F ^ { \prime } I + O + Z +$
(b) $\quad I - O c Z - / F ^ { \prime } I - O c Z -$
(c) $\quad I - O c Z + / F ^ { \prime } I - O + Z +$
(d) Is Oc $\mathrm { Z } - \mathrm { F } ^ { \prime }$ Is $\mathrm { O } + \mathrm { Z } ^ { + }$
$I ^ { + } =$ wild-type repressor
$I ^ { - } =$ mutant repressor (unable to bind to the operator)
Is $=$ mutant repressor (insensitive to lactose)
$\mathrm { O } ^ { + } =$ wild-type operator
$\mathrm { OC } =$ constitutive operator (insensitive to repressor)

---

Definitions:

Overlay Approach

A strategy used in investing that manages risk by using various hedging techniques to achieve a desired exposure.

Certainty Equivalent Factor

A concept used in finance to adjust the future cash flows of an investment to account for risk, essentially converting them into a guaranteed cash flow that an investor would accept in place of holding a risky asset.

Value Range

The spread between the highest and lowest values of a financial asset, indicating its volatility and potential for profit or loss.

Certainty Approach Method

A technique used in decision-making that involves evaluating the outcomes of decisions assuming that no uncertainty exists in the operational environment.