The Most Likely Example of a Discretionary Cost Item Is

question 22

Multiple Choice

The most likely example of a discretionary cost item is:

• A) taxation
• B) council rates
• C) research and development costs
• D) management salaries

Recognize the importance of cash flow timing and its effect on project viability through the payback method.

Understand the principles and applications of the Net Present Value (NPV) and Equivalent Annual Annuity (EAA) method for evaluating projects.

Identify and explain the limitations and advantages of the replacement chain method in capital budgeting.

Calculate and interpret the Internal Rate of Return (IRR), NPV, and Profitability Index (PI) for different projects.

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Definitions:

Ending Equity

The value of ownership in a company at the end of an accounting period, calculated as assets minus liabilities.

Dividends Paid

The actual cash distributed to shareholders out of the corporation’s earnings in a particular period.

Stockholder Investments

Funds provided by investors to a corporation in exchange for ownership stakes, typically in the form of shares of equity.

Total Assets

The sum of all assets owned by a company, including both current and non-current assets, reflected on a company's balance sheet.