Examlex
If two countries can benefit by trading with each other, no industries in either country may suffer.
Contingencies
Events or conditions that may occur but are dependent on other occurrences or conditions.
Backward Conditioning
A form of learning where a conditioned stimulus is presented after the unconditioned stimulus, usually less effective or confused with no learning.
Higher Order Conditioning
A form of learning in which a stimulus is first made meaningful or significant through classical conditioning and then used itself as a basis for learning about some new stimulus.
Primary Reinforcers
Innate reinforcing stimuli that satisfy basic biological needs or desires, such as food, water, and sleep, without learning.
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