Male Pipefish Have a Brood Pouch in Which They Carry

question 14

Multiple Choice

Male pipefish have a brood pouch in which they carry and protect developing embryos. The gene patristacin plays a major role in the formation and function of the pouch. An evolutionary analysis revealed that patristacin is involved in liver and kidney function in all other fish (other male fish do not produce a brood pouch) . This provides an example of

• A) co-option.
• B) irreducible complexity.
• C) group selection.
• D) trade-offs.

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Definitions:

Fractional-reserve Banking

A banking system where banks hold only a fraction of their deposits in reserve, lending the rest to generate profits.

Money Supply

The collective volume of monetary assets within an economy at a certain point, including cash, coins, and balances in checking and savings accounts.

Fractional-reserve Banking

A banking system where banks hold only a fraction of deposits as reserves and lend out the remainder, thereby creating additional money supply.

Bank Runs

Situations where a large number of bank customers withdraw their deposits simultaneously due to fears that the bank will become insolvent.