Which of the Following Would Provide Evidence for Reinforcement

question 10

Multiple Choice

Which of the following would provide evidence for reinforcement?

• A) Pre-mating isolation between two species is higher in areas where they are sympatric than in areas where they are allopatric; postzygotic isolation is strong in all crosses.
• B) Postzygotic isolation between two species is higher in areas where they are sympatric than in areas where they are allopatric; pre-mating isolation is the same in allopatric and sympatric populations.
• C) Pre-mating isolation between two species is higher in sympatry than in allopatry; there is no postzygotic isolation in any cross.
• D) a and c

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Definitions:

Dopamine Excess

A condition where there is an abnormally high level of dopamine in the brain, associated with certain psychiatric conditions and behaviors.

Experiencing Hopelessness

A state of despair or feeling a lack of hope, often associated with depression and a significant predictor of suicidal ideation.

Denial

A psychological defense mechanism where an individual refuses to accept reality or facts, often in response to a traumatic event.

Hopelessness

A feeling of despair or lack of optimism about the future, often associated with depression.