What Can We Conclude About the Self-Reference Effect

question 80

Multiple Choice

What can we conclude about the self-reference effect?

• A) Although early research found evidence of this effect, more recent experiments have been unable to demonstrate it.
• B) Although the self-reference effect operates with children, it does not apply to adolescents or adults.
• C) The research shows that people are more likely to recall words that apply to themselves compared with words that do not apply.
• D) The self-reference effect is one exception to the general tendency for deep levels of processing to be particularly effective in enhancing memory.

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Definitions:

Genetic Differences

Variations in the genes among individuals or populations, which contribute to the biodiversity and heritable traits within species.

Migratory Orientation

The innate or learned ability of animals, particularly birds, to navigate and migrate over long distances across changing environments.

DNA Methylation

A biochemical process involving the addition of a methyl group to the DNA molecule, affecting gene expression without changing the DNA sequence.

Epigenetic Modification

Chemical changes to the DNA or histones that affect gene expression without altering the DNA sequence, influenced by environmental factors.