Chapter 4 Discussed a Classic Study by Wickens and His

question 60

Multiple Choice

Chapter 4 discussed a classic study by Wickens and his colleagues (1976) in which each of five groups of participants learned a series of words belonging to one category (e.g., "occupations" or "meats") . On the final trial, they all switched to words belonging to a new category ("fruits") . What did the results of this study show about the recall for this final set of words?

• A) Contrary to expectations, semantic similarity had no influence on recall.
• B) Contrary to expectations, participants explained that they stored these final words in terms of visual images.
• C) Participants in all five groups showed no release from proactive interference.
• D) Recall on the final set of words was most accurate when the previous items had belonged to a different semantic category.

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Definitions:

Neurons

Specialized cells in the nervous system that transmit information to other nerve cells, muscle, or gland cells, through electrical and chemical signals.

Ghrelin

A hormone produced in the stomach that stimulates appetite, promoting the feeling of hunger.

CCK

CCK, or Cholecystokinin, is a hormone and neurotransmitter involved in digestion and inducing feelings of satiety, released by the intestines after eating.

Hunger

The physical sensation or condition caused by the need or desire to eat food.