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Based on the Answers Provided in Q7, Calculate the Within

question 10

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Based on the answers provided in Q7, calculate the within sum of squares for the time-trial data.


Definitions:

Behaviors

The actions or reactions of an organism, often in response to its environment.

Selfish Herd Effect

Animal groups arise from the collective tendency of individuals to reduce their risk of danger by drawing near one another.

Parental Care

The behaviors and actions of parents to support the survival, growth, and development of their offspring.

Genetic Variation

The diversity in gene frequencies within a population, arising through mutations, gene flow, and sexual reproduction, fueling evolutionary changes.

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