Examine the Following SPSS Output from the Heart Rate Data

question 19

Multiple Choice

Examine the following SPSS output from the heart rate data. Based on 11 degrees of freedom, working to a two-tailed significance value of .05, the critical value for t is 2.201. What can you assume from the output? (The significance value has been omitted on purpose.)

• A) The data sets were not significantly different.
• B) The data sets were significantly different.
• C) The critical value and the t-statistic were too similar and therefore inconclusive.
• D) The data sets are most likely normally distributed.

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Definitions:

Ancestral Traits

Characteristics that appeared in common ancestors and are passed down to subsequent generations.

Shared

A term referring to something that is used or belongs to more than one person or entity.

Cladistic Analysis

A method of analyzing the evolutionary relationships between groups of organisms by classifying them based on common ancestry.

Outgroup

In cladistics, a taxon that represents an approximation of the ancestral condition; the outgroup is related to the ingroup (the members of the group under study) but separated from the ingroup lineage before they diversified.