How Do Institutions Reduce Uncertainty

question 39

Multiple Choice

How do institutions reduce uncertainty?

• A)Ethical contracting.
• B)Arm's-length transaction with third party enforcement.
• C) Transaction costs.
• D) Opportunism.

Distinguish between positivist and constructionist approaches to studying deviance.

Understand the concept of social control and its relation to deviant behavior.

Grasp the foundational theories of deviance including differential association, control theory, and strain theory.

Analyze the criticisms and limitations of differential association theory.

---

Definitions:

Digital Native

An individual who has grown up in the era of digital technology, hence, is accustomed to using computers and the internet since a young age.

Chatbot

A computer program designed to simulate conversation with human users, especially over the Internet.

Artificial Intelligence

The simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems, which includes learning, reasoning, and self-correction.

Instant Messenger

A software application that allows real-time text communication between users over the internet.