Individuals Sometimes Face a Choice Among a Huge Number of Options

question 32

Essay

Individuals sometimes face a choice among a huge number of options. For example, when you go to library to check out a book, do you go through every book to find the perfect book for your mood or do you browse several books until you find one that looks interesting? People generally follow two strategies; maximizing and satisficing. Define each term and describe which of the above scenarios for checking out a book goes with each.

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Definitions:

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

People’s tendency to behave in ways that confirm their own expectations or other people’s expectations.

Ingroup/Outgroup Bias

The tendency to favor and extend loyalty to members of one's own group (the ingroup) while discriminating against members of other groups (the outgroup).

Stereotype

A stereotype is a fixed, generalized belief about a particular group or class of people.

Subtyping

The cognitive process of creating subcategories within a broader category based on the recognition of differences that distinguish members of various subgroups.