In Which Way Do Modern Presidents Differ from the Original

question 15

Multiple Choice

In which way do modern presidents differ from the original intentions of the Framers?

• A)Modern presidents are considerably less democratic than the Framers originally intended.
• B)Modern presidents have considerably less power as leaders of their political parties than the Framers originally intended.
• C)Modern presidents are much more influential in the legislative process than the Framers originally intended.
• D)Modern presidents are more subservient to the will of Congress than the Framers originally intended.

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Definitions:

Stimulus Discrimination

The learned ability to differentiate between a conditioned stimulus and other stimuli that have not been paired with an unconditioned stimulus.

Classical Conditioning

A training method where two signals are consistently associated with each other; a reaction initially triggered by the second signal ultimately becomes triggered by just the first signal alone.

Stimulus Generalization

The process by which a conditioned response is triggered by stimuli that are similar but not identical to the original conditioned stimulus.

Learned Helplessness

A condition in which a person suffers from a sense of powerlessness, arising from a traumatic event or persistent failure to succeed, characterized by a lack of initiative, effort, or persistence.