Ugo Cerletti, the First Psychiatrist to Use ECT Effectively, Later

question 9

Multiple Choice

Ugo Cerletti, the first psychiatrist to use ECT effectively, later abandoned the procedure because of:

• A) the introduction of antipsychotic medications.
• B) the likelihood of causing broken bones and dislocated joints.
• C) the trend toward using bilateral shocks rather than unilateral shocks.
• D) better results from using insulin.

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Definitions:

Associative Learning

The process by which a connection is made between two stimuli or between a behavior and a response, often leading to a change in behavior.

Aversion

A strong feeling of dislike or disinclination towards something, often used in psychology to refer to a conditioned response to certain stimuli.

Rapid Conditioning

A process by which an organism quickly learns to associate a specific behavior with a particular outcome.

CS (Conditioned Stimulus)

In classical conditioning, a previously neutral stimulus that, after being associated with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits a conditioned response.