Edward Tolman's Research on the Formation of Cognitive Maps in Rats

question 117

Multiple Choice

Edward Tolman's research on the formation of cognitive maps in rats was important because it:

• A) demonstrated that learning is based on stimulus-response association.
• B) emphasized the importance of studying the role of internal representations in learning.
• C) enabled him to devise a comprehensive mathematical model of animal learning.
• D) demonstrated the importance of insight in learning.

Recognize the difference between religion and spirituality and their relation to a society's worldview.

Comprehend the concept of secularization and its impact on modern societies.

Identify and describe different religious movements, including revitalization movements and pilgrimage practices.

Examine the concepts of ancestor spirits, revitalization movements, and the role of religion in reinforcing social reality.

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Definitions:

Involuntary Shift

An automatic redirection of attention that occurs without the individual's intentional control, often in response to a novel or significant event.

Viewer

An entity or person observing or consuming content, such as a video, an artwork, or an event.

ERP Results

Data obtained from Event-Related Potentials, which are brain responses measured using electroencephalography (EEG) to specific sensory, cognitive, or motor events.

Auditory Stimulus

A sound or noise that elicits a response or reaction from the auditory system of an organism.