What Is the Dominant Force on the Spine During Activities

question 7

Multiple Choice

What is the dominant force on the spine during activities requiring backward leaning of the trunk,such as rappelling?

• A)compression
• B)tension
• C)shear
• D)torsion

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Definitions:

Guard Cells

Specialized cells in the epidermis of leaves and stems that regulate the opening and closing of stomata, controlling gas exchange and water loss.

Epidermal Cells

Cells making up the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin, serving as the body’s protective barrier against environmental stressors, pathogens, and water loss.

Transpiration

The loss of water vapor from the aerial surfaces of a plant (i.e., leaves and stems).

Humidity

The amount of water vapor present in the air, often described as relative humidity.