You Are Interested in the Mobility of Two Different Unknown

question 32

Essay

You are interested in the mobility of two different unknown integral plasma membrane proteins-protein X and protein Y-in a cell.In one cell,you fluorescently label all the X proteins.In another cell,you label all the Y proteins.When you perform FRAP analysis on both cells,you find that most of the protein X fluorescence has recovered within 3 minutes,but recovery of the protein Y fluorescence is significantly slower.Even after 10 minutes,only 50% of the protein Y fluorescence has recovered.Describe the FRAP experimental protocol,explain what the results tell you about mobility of the X and Y proteins,and propose a possible explanation for why the mobilities of the two proteins differ.

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Definitions:

Standard Costs

Predetermined or budgeted costs for materials, labor, and overhead used for cost control and financial planning.

Materials Quantity Variance

The variance between the real amount of materials consumed in the manufacturing process and the anticipated standard amount.

Direct Materials Purchases Variance

The difference between the actual cost of direct materials purchased and the expected, or budgeted, cost.

Variable Manufacturing Overhead

Costs that fluctuate with production volume, such as indirect materials and utilities for machinery.